Browse Items (17 total)

The full name of QR code is Quick Response Code. It was first designed in 1994 by Denso Wave, a Japanese subsidiary in the Toyota Group. It is a trademark for a type of matrix barcode which can store more information and support more datatypes than…

Tokenization is a process of replacing sensitive data with non-sensitive data, so as to protect the information of cardholders, merchants and issuers during online payment. While the concept of tokenization has long existed since the first currency…

After World War II, the magnetic storage appeared in 1950. Then in 1969, Forrest Parry, an IBM engineer invented the first magnetic stripe card. This is a kind of card that capable of storing data in a strip composed of iron particles in plastic…

In 1890, an employee of the Expedition of Storing State Papers Ivan Orlov invented and developed a new printing method called “Orlov’s printing”. This technique makes possible reproduction of a surface or line that changes color without interruption…

Intaglio is a kind of printing technique that is opposite to relief print. It incised image into a surface, then the incised line or sunken area holds the ink. Basically, intaglio processes include etching, engraving, drypoint, and mezzotint:

In…

The industrial minting technology was introduced to coin manufacture by Matthew Boulton in Birmingham in 1788. At that time, he improved this minting technique by inventing a steam driven screw press. Such press applied air pressure to a piston,…

The paper-making technology was invented by Cai Lun, an official attached to the Imperial court during the Han Dynasty in 105 AD. He used mulberry and other bast fibres along with fishnets, old rags, and hemp waste, to make paper in a 5-step…

Alipay is a third-party payment company belonging to Alibaba Group. With the advantage of lowering the cost of payment chain and enabling enterprises to focus on only the payment of online services, it soon grew into the biggest third-party payment…

In 1994, China was officially connected to the Internet. In just twenty-five years, it has completed changed the way people live. By 2008, the number of user of Internet in China became the largest in the world. By 2018, over 59.6% of Chinese people…

After the devastating impact of the Cultural Revolution, China decided to implement the Economic Reform and Open Up Policy. This policy marked the start of socialist market economy, which ended the previously planned economy of China and opened a…

The issue of the third series of RMB is under a condition of the breakdown of Sino-Soviet relation. Heretofore, China did not own the technology of producing bank notes with anti-counterfeiting but used Soviet technology of “Orlov Printing”. When the…

When China was newly established, the insufficient supplies of food, poor economic system along with other problems made it hard for people to sustain a living. As a result, in 1955, Chinese government started to release food coupon to distribute…

Before China could recover from the damage of the war of resisting against Japan, the civil war between nationalist government and the Chinese communists began. During the marching of the communist army towards inland China, they produced and issued…

When the Great Depression severely damage the economy of Japan. In order to recover from the economy loss of the country, Japanese militarists conducted a strategy of invading China. During this eight-year war, in order to effectively deploy military…

Ever since 1840, the European invaders had provoked several wars to encroach the land and money on China. They established foreign banks in China to issues their own notes and coins. Moreover, the corrupt Qing government failed to establish a unified…

After the Industrial Revolution, the British was so eager for capital accumulation that they came to China to sell opium, wishing to exchange for gold and silver. However, when opium is harmful to people’s health, the emperor of Qing dynasty refused…